Naturally colorless, champagne-sherry (Skardu/Shigar pegmatites), golden-orange (Imperial), or rare natural cyclamen pink (Katlang, Pakistan); also vivid sky, Swiss,...
Chemical formula
Al₂SiO₄(F,OH)₂ (Aluminum Fluoro-Hydroxyl Silicate)
Other Gemstones • Diamond (Native Element)
Diamond
Colorless (D–Z scale) to fancy yellow, pink, blue, green, and brown, exhibiting adamantine luster and 0.044 dispersion.
C (Isometric Crystalline Carbon)Mohs 10.0 Mohs (Hardest known natural mineral)
Mineralogical & Gemological Profile
| Mineral Family | Other Gemstones |
|---|---|
| Mineral Species | Diamond (Native Element) |
| Gemological Variety | Diamond |
| Chemical Composition | C (Isometric Crystalline Carbon) |
| Crystal System | Isometric (Octahedral, dodecahedral, cubic) |
| Mohs Hardness | 10.0 Mohs (Hardest known natural mineral) |
| Specific Gravity | 3.52 |
| Refractive Index | 2.417 (Singly refractive) |
Color Characteristics & Optical Behavior
Colorless (D–Z scale) to fancy yellow, pink, blue, green, and brown, exhibiting adamantine luster and 0.044 dispersion.
Geological Context & Pakistani / Global Localities
Crystallizes in Earth's mantle at depths of 140–200+ km and is transported to the surface via kimberlite and lamproite volcanic pipes.
Collector Interest & Rarity Factors
Valued globally via the 4Cs (Cut, Color, Clarity, Carat Weight) and octahedral crystal morphology.
Fine Jewelry Applications
Solitaire engagement rings, bridal suites, eternity bands, and high-jewelry accent pavé.
Treatment Considerations & Disclosure
FADI Gems strictly separates and discloses natural mined diamonds from laboratory-grown (HPHT or CVD) diamonds, and discloses any HPHT color treatment, irradiation, or laser drilling/fracture filling.
Care & Cleaning Instructions
Despite 10.0 Mohs scratch hardness, diamond has four directions of octahedral cleavage and can chip if struck sharply. Clean with warm soapy water and a soft brush.
Traditional Meaning
Traditional Symbolism & Cultural Heritage
From the Greek 'adamas' (unconquerable), symbolizing endurance, clarity, and lifelong commitment. Traditional April birthstone.
Note: Cultural and birthstone traditions are presented strictly as historical folklore, never as scientifically verified medical or metaphysical effects.
Other Gemstones
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